Bulgaria is a country in southern Europe.It borders five other countries,Romania to the north,Serbia and the Republic of Macedonia to the west,and Greece and Turkey to the south.
The Black sea defines the extent of the country to the east.Bulgaria ranks as the 15th largest country in Europe,with a territory of 110,994 sq km.
1)BELOGRADCHIK FORTRESS:
The Belogradchik Fortress is one of the best-preserved strongholds in Bulgaria. The initial fortress was constructed during the time when the region was part of the Roman Empire. The rock formations in the area served as a natural protection, as fortified walls were practically only built from the northwest and southeast, with the yard being surrounded by rocks up to 70 m high from the other sides. Initially, the Belogradchik Fortress served for surveillance and not strictly defense. Bulgarian tsar of Vidin, Ivan Stratsimir, extended the old fortress in the 14th century and it became one of the most important strongholds in the region.
During the Ottoman conquest of Bulgaria, the fortress was captured by the Ottomans in 1396. Considerable changes to the fortress – expansion and reorganization typical for the Ottoman castle architecture of the period – were made in the early 19th century. European elements were also added to the Belogradchik Fortress owing to the French and Italian engineers that participated in the expansion.
Located at the foot of the Vitosha Mountain in the Sofia suburb of Boyana, this medieval church carefully protects its precious treasure its 750 years-old frescoes. Even today, more than seven centuries later, these murals still stun visitors with their beauty, expressiveness and life-like expressions. Along with the figures of saints and martyrs, the artist, zograph Vassilii, has painted the figures of the church patrons – Kaloyan and Dessislava, and of the royal couple – King Constantine and Queen Irina. These genuine masterpieces of 13th century painting, created 200 years before the European Renaissance, denote a remarkable peak in Eastern Christian Art.
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